#include typedef long long LL; LL gcd(LL a,LL b) { return b==0?a:gcd(b,a%b); } int n,k,T; LL a,b; int main() { #ifdef local freopen("pro.in","r",stdin); #endif scanf("%d",&T); for(int i=1;i<=T;i++) { scanf("%d%d",&n,&k); b=1ll<